In vitro antidiabetic activity of Premna odorata Blanco (Fam. Lamiaceae)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) with its underlying complications, is a multifactorial chronic endocrine disorder which arises from a complex pathogenesis. This study explored the utilization of an endemic plant Premna odorata Blanco aerial parts (leaves, bark, fruits & flower) for in vitro analysis of ⍺-amylase and ⍺-glucosidase inhibition, glucose diffusion inhibition, and glucose uptake in yeast cells enhancement activities. Premna odorata dried aerial parts were sequentially extracted with solvents of increasing polarity (hexane- dichloromethane-methanol). Results for in vitro assays revealed that DCM bark and fruits/flower plant extract have significant

⍺-amylase and ⍺- glucosidase inhibitory activities. The potency of the said DCM extracts was also found to be superior to standard drug with IC50 for ⍺-amylase enzyme from Aspergillus oryzae of

(POBDCME 1.02 mg/mL; POFDCME1.163 mg/mL; Acarbose 19.45mg/mL) and porcine pancreas (POBDCME 0.6613mg/mL; POFDCME 1.165mg/mL; Acarbose 39.81mg/mL) and ⍺-glucosidase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (POBDCME 0.3142mg/mL; POFDCME 0.6738 mg/mL; Acarbose 0.3507mg/mL). POHBE and POFFME also promoted increase (89% and 97%) in glucose uptake in yeast cell and revealed significant glucose diffusion inhibition (73% and 69%) across dialysis membrane respectively, all of which suggest promising potential antidiabetic activity.

Keywords – Diabetes mellitu, ⍺-amylase, ⍺-glucosidase, glucose diffusion, glucose uptake, Premna odorata