Barriers for Educational Technology Integration in Contemporary Classroom Environment

This literature review explores the extent of integrating educational technology in contemporary classroom environment among the ASEAN Member States focusing more on the undeveloped and developing countries. It describes the profile of the countries under study in terms of the total population, gross national income (GNI), literacy rating and ICT development index (IDI) and to determine the barriers for educational technology integration; and test the correlation among the profile variables. Results showed that some of the identified probable causes of educational technology integration in most developing countries are: inadequate financial support and infrastructure, human capital, management support, as well as behavioural and environmental aspects. Gross National income is considered a factor that can directly or indirectly influence the Literacy rating and ICT Development Index value of the country while the total population based on ranking of countries has nothing to do with the ranking of GNI, Literacy Rating and IDI value of each country.

Keywords: educational technology, basic education, ASEAN, ICT Development Index