Application of traditional knowledge to create indigo-dyed fabric products in Sakon Nakhon Province, Thailand

Indigo fabric is created by dying silk or cotton with color from the true indigo plant (Indigofera tinctoria) and is a valuable commodity in Northeastern Thai communities. This is a qualitative investigation with two principal research aims: 1) To study the history and background of indigo-dyed fabric in Sakon Nakhon Province; 2) To study the current conditions and application of traditional knowledge in creating indigo-dyed fabric in Sakon Nakhon Province, Thailand. Data for this investigation were collected from document analysis and field research between July 2013 and July 2014. Results show that weaving groups are sponsored by the government and the local community to produce indigo-dyed fabric that can be transformed into a variety of different products that meet consumer needs. These products include blankets, scarves, shawls, formal wear and bags. Weaving communities prefer to use materials from the surrounding environment. Community members cultivate their own true indigo plants using the traditional processes inherited from generation to generation. The dye creation process requires plant matter to be soaked in water for 24 hours before it can be used in the dye mixture. The traditional dye mixture is 4 liters of indigo plant, 2 liters of natural lye water and 1 tablespoon of white lime. During the dyeing process, the cotton fabric is stirred and wring in the dye mixture until the color holds. The fabric is then rested and the process is repeated to achieve the desired hue. The quality of the dye is then tested by washing the fabric in clean water. By applying the resourcefulness of traditional knowledge used in the dye creation process to the marketing and sale of indigo fabric, the entire production will benefit.

Keywords – Indigo fabric, Northeastern Thailand, traditional knowledge, weaving.