Antimicrobial property of bio-reduced silver nanoparticle prepared using aqueous fruit extract of Antidesma bunius L. Spreng against Methicillin- resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus

With the rampant spread of highly drug-resistant bacterial pathogens along with the poor research and development for new antimicrobials and prospects for new antimicrobial agents, a call for antibiotic alternatives are now in demand. Antidesma bunius is being recognized due to its bioactive components which exhibits notable pharmacologic properties. Among different fruits, certain studies revealed that A. bunius have antibacterial properties, α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, anti-diabetic properties, and antioxidant properties. This study determined the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticle (Ag NP) bio-reduced by A. bunius fruit extract against methicillin-resistant and susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA and MSSA). Biosynthesized nanoparticles were characterized, and their antimicrobial properties were determined using disc diffusion and tube dilution assay. Results show that the synthesized Ag NPs are active against MSSA and the five clinical isolates of MRSA indicating potential antimicrobial activity. The MIC of MSSA was 0.38 to 1.52mg/mL and 0.38 to 0.76 mg/mL for MRSA. The MBC of MRSA and MSSA were 0.38 mg/mL and 0.76mg/mL, respectively. The synthesized silver nanoparticles can inhibit MSSA and MRSA, however, their inhibitory activity is lesser than that produced by the standard antibiotics. This study provides a potential, natural antimicrobial agent against inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus infections.

Keywords –Antidesma bunius, multidrug-resistant organisms, MIC, MBC, MSSA, MRSA, nanoparticles